What Does Treatment for Macular Degeneration Involve?

Macular degeneration is one of the leading causes of vision loss in adults over the age of 50. While it does not typically cause complete blindness, it can significantly affect central vision, making everyday tasks like reading, driving, and recognizing faces more difficult. Understanding how macular degeneration is treated can help patients protect their vision and maintain independence for as long as possible.

What Is Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a condition that affects the macula - the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. As the macula becomes damaged over time, central vision gradually deteriorates, while peripheral (side) vision usually remains intact.

There are two primary types of AMD:

• Dry AMD: The more common form, caused by thinning of the macula and the buildup of small deposits called drusen.

• Wet AMD: A less common but more aggressive form, caused by abnormal blood vessel growth under the retina that can leak fluid or blood.

Early detection is critical, as treatment options and outcomes are most effective when macular degeneration is identified and monitored early.

Why Ongoing Monitoring and Regular Eye Exams Matter

Macular degeneration often progresses slowly, especially in its early stages, and symptoms may be subtle or go unnoticed at first. Regular comprehensive eye exams allow your eye doctor to:

• Detect early signs of AMD before noticeable vision loss occurs

• Track changes in the macula over time

• Identify progression from dry AMD to wet AMD

• Adjust treatment plans promptly to preserve vision

Ongoing monitoring may include Optomap retinal imaging, and visual acuity testing. These tools help ensure that even small changes are caught early, when intervention can be most effective.

Treatment Options for Macular Degeneration

Treatment for macular degeneration depends on the type and stage of the condition. While there is currently no cure, modern treatment strategies focus on slowing progression and protecting remaining vision.

Dry AMD Treatment

For patients with dry macular degeneration, treatment typically includes:

• Nutritional supplementation: Specific eye vitamins based on the AREDS2 formula may help slow progression in certain patients

• Lifestyle modifications: Managing risk factors such as smoking, poor diet, and cardiovascular health

• Regular monitoring: Ongoing eye exams to watch for progression or conversion to wet AMD

Dry AMD progresses gradually, making consistent follow-up care especially important.

Wet AMD Treatment 

Wet macular degeneration requires more immediate and active treatment, which may include:

• Anti-VEGF injections: Medications injected into the eye to stop abnormal blood vessel growth and reduce fluid leakage

• Close follow-up visits: Frequent monitoring to evaluate treatment response and prevent further vision loss

• Advanced imaging: Optomap scans to assess retinal health and guide ongoing care

When treated early, many patients with wet AMD are able to stabilize their vision and, in some cases, experience improvement.

Get Personalized Care for Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is a progressive eye condition, but early detection, consistent monitoring, and appropriate treatment can make a meaningful difference in preserving vision. With the right approach, many patients are able to continue enjoying daily activities and maintain functional vision for years to come.

If you have concerns about macular degeneration, schedule your eye exam at Berris Optical to learn more about treatment options. Visit our office in Rocky River, Ohio, or call (440) 571-7100 to book an appointment today.